Editorial Office of World Journal of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
Copyright © 2024 Korean Council of Science Editors
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Conflict of Interest
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Funding
The authors received no financial support for this article.
Data Availability
Dataset file is available from the Harvard Dataverse at: https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/BDKKKC.
Dataset 1. Original data of the included studies.
Retraction reason | No. of cases |
---|---|
Fraud/fabrication | 216 |
Violation of scope | 139 |
Research integrity | 20 |
Figure duplication | 15 |
Figure falsification | 8 |
Unspecified | 34 |
Plagiarism | 66 |
Ethical issue | 53 |
Retrospective registration | 2 |
Unspecified | 51 |
Error | 274a) |
Error in data | 83 |
Error in methods | 55 |
Error in results | 53 |
Data availability | 99 |
The results cannot be reproduced | 7 |
Wrong version published | 2 |
Unspecified | 3 |
Publication issue | 359a) |
Duplication | 80 |
Invalid statement of conflict of interest | 23 |
Unable to acquire permission to use the data | 23 |
Authorship dispute | 39 |
Copyright issue | 7 |
Insufficient funding statement | 3 |
Manipulation of editorial and publication process | 141 |
Compromised review process | 218 |
Failed to obtain permission to use and modify the copyrighted tool | 4 |
Self-citation | 15 |
Inappropriate citations | 143 |
Other/uncategorizable | 69 |
Request raised by parents of the patients | 4 |
No reason identified | 58 |
Article was not accepted but published mistakenly | 3 |
Patients identified through information from the article | 2 |
The source of data and conclusions are retracted | 2 |
Country | No. of retractions | Proportion (%) | Retraction rate (per 10,000) |
---|---|---|---|
China | 275 | 34.99 | 7.60 |
USA | 128 | 16.28 | 0.55 |
Japan | 42 | 5.34 | 2.17 |
India | 35 | 4.45 | 2.57 |
Germany | 24 | 3.05 | 0.97 |
Italy | 24 | 3.05 | 1.14 |
Egypt | 21 | 2.67 | 0.29 |
Iran | 19 | 2.42 | 1.60 |
UK | 18 | 2.29 | 0.55 |
Türkiye | 17 | 2.16 | 0.77 |
Journal | No. of retractions |
---|---|
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine | 52 |
Journal of Healthcare Engineering | 29 |
Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine | 28 |
Acta Medica Mediterranea | 15 |
Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders | 14 |
Applied Bionics and Biomechanics | 10 |
Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging | 10 |
Cureus | 9 |
Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery | 9 |
Indian Journal of Pediatrics | 8 |
Retraction reason | No. of cases |
---|---|
Fraud/fabrication | 216 |
Violation of scope | 139 |
Research integrity | 20 |
Figure duplication | 15 |
Figure falsification | 8 |
Unspecified | 34 |
Plagiarism | 66 |
Ethical issue | 53 |
Retrospective registration | 2 |
Unspecified | 51 |
Error | 274 |
Error in data | 83 |
Error in methods | 55 |
Error in results | 53 |
Data availability | 99 |
The results cannot be reproduced | 7 |
Wrong version published | 2 |
Unspecified | 3 |
Publication issue | 359 |
Duplication | 80 |
Invalid statement of conflict of interest | 23 |
Unable to acquire permission to use the data | 23 |
Authorship dispute | 39 |
Copyright issue | 7 |
Insufficient funding statement | 3 |
Manipulation of editorial and publication process | 141 |
Compromised review process | 218 |
Failed to obtain permission to use and modify the copyrighted tool | 4 |
Self-citation | 15 |
Inappropriate citations | 143 |
Other/uncategorizable | 69 |
Request raised by parents of the patients | 4 |
No reason identified | 58 |
Article was not accepted but published mistakenly | 3 |
Patients identified through information from the article | 2 |
The source of data and conclusions are retracted | 2 |
The number of pediatric research publications from each country was obtained from the Web of Science database, using the same term as mentioned in the Methods section. The retraction rate was calculated by dividing the number of retractions for each country by its total number of publications.
The sum exceeds the total number as one paper can be retracted due to multiple reasons.